Chandyo RK, Kvestad I, Ulak M, et al.
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While direct cortisol measurements were not specifically reported in the published safety trials, the comprehensive metabolic monitoring across 900+ participants showed no clinically significant hormonal changes, and the mechanism of action provides no pathway for cortisol stimulation
For example, the bioavailability of vitamin B12 appears to be about three times higher in dairy products than in meat, fish, and poultry, and the bioavailability of vitamin B12 from dietary supplements is about 50% higher than that from food sources
Typical daily doses fall between 200mcg and 1,000mcg , with 500mcg per day being the most commonly reported effective dose